Kant's Morality & Ethics is Not Deontological

Should you think about your duty, or about the consequences of your actions? Or should you concentrate on becoming a good person?

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Veritas Aequitas
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Kant's Morality & Ethics is Not Deontological

Post by Veritas Aequitas »

In an OP I stated Kant's Morality & Ethics is not deontological.
In this case, deontological as it is commonly understood at present by the majority which is taken to meant strict compliance with rules like those from God.

There are a wide range of meaning from the history of the term 'deontology'.
The term deontological was first used to describe the current, specialised definition by C. D. Broad in his 1930 book, Five Types of Ethical Theory.[8] Older usage of the term goes back to Jeremy Bentham, who coined it prior to 1816 as a synonym of dicastic or censorial ethics (i.e., ethics based on judgement).[9][10] The more general sense of the word is retained in French, especially in the term code de déontologie (ethical code), in the context of professional ethics.

Depending on the system of deontological ethics under consideration, a moral obligation may arise from an external or internal source, such as a set of rules inherent to the universe (ethical naturalism), religious law, or a set of personal or cultural values (any of which may be in conflict with personal desires).
WIKI
When Kant's Morality is taken to be deontological, it is deemed to be in the narrowest sense, i.e. strict compliance in actions, i.e.
If there is a murderer at the door asking whether the targeted-victim is in the house, the moral agent must tell the truth and not lie to save the targeted-victim who is actually known to be in the house.
This view of Kant as deontological made Kant very stupid. That was not Kant's intended meaning.
To avoid this, I would prefer to avoid associating 'deontology' with Kant's Morality.
Kant isn't a deontologist NOT because he isn't consistent with the categorical imperative (that's silly) but because deontology is a hopelessly confused term that we should probably abandon.
It really only serves to box all sorts of very different non-consequentialist views together in an unhelpful way and as a crutch for teaching undergraduates ('there are three main approaches to normative ethics...')
Jens Timmerman argues that the term should be abandoned and that, on a reasonable construal of it, it doesn't really apply to Kant in his 'What's wrong with deontology?' Before him, Barbara Herman has also advocated a non-deontological reading of Kant in 'Leaving deontology behind.'

It's worth noting that these views aren't as radical as they may sound. A lot depends on what you understand by 'deontology'. Herman and Timmermann's Kant is the same Kant you know and love - they're just arguing that boxing him in as a deontologist serves to obscure important parts of his ethical theory, like his focus on the good (and not just the right.)
https://www.reddit.com/r/askphilosophy/ ... ctually_a/
Actually, Kant full spectrum of Morality & Ethics cover both rules, consequences and reasons for both.
So Kant's morality is not strictly deontological like those of Abrahamic-theistic morality.
Veritas Aequitas
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Re: Kant's Morality & Ethics is Not Deontological

Post by Veritas Aequitas »

Notes: KIV
Veritas Aequitas
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Joined: Wed Jul 11, 2012 4:41 am

Re: Kant's Morality & Ethics is Not Deontological

Post by Veritas Aequitas »

Notes: KIV
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FlashDangerpants
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Re: Kant's Morality & Ethics is Not Deontological

Post by FlashDangerpants »

Any moral system that places the goodness/badness of actions into the actions themselves and the rules they follow rather than outcomes or anything about the person taking the action is by type deontological.

Kant's ethics is definitely deontological because it is all about the rules.
Veritas Aequitas
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Re: Kant's Morality & Ethics is Not Deontological

Post by Veritas Aequitas »

Here is the abstract from Timmermann's paper;

What's Wrong with ‘Deontology’?
Jens Timmermann
https://www.jstor.org/stable/44122587
Abstract
The way we use terminology matters.
There are words, ordinary and philosophical, that we should do without because they are ill-defined, ambiguous or confused.
If we use them we will at best be saying little.
At worst, they will make us ask the wrong questions and leave the right ones unasked.
In this paper, I argue that ‘deontology’ is such a word.
It is defined negatively as non-teleological or non-consequentialist, and therefore does not designate a distinct class of moral theories, let alone a single one.
Moreover, the question whether Kantian ethics is ‘deontological’ is likely to obscure what is distinctive and interesting about it.
The word ‘deontology’ should be banished from the classroom.
It may be best to abandon it [the term 'deontology'] altogether.
Last edited by Veritas Aequitas on Wed May 08, 2024 9:38 am, edited 1 time in total.
Veritas Aequitas
Posts: 12830
Joined: Wed Jul 11, 2012 4:41 am

Re: Kant's Morality & Ethics is Not Deontological

Post by Veritas Aequitas »

Here is abstract from Timmermann arguement, why Kant's Ethics is not deontological;

What's Wrong with ‘Deontology’?
Jens Timmermann

https://www.jstor.org/stable/44122587
Abstract
The way we use terminology matters.
There are words, ordinary and philosophical, that we should do without because they are ill-defined, ambiguous or confused.
If we use them we will at best be saying little.
At worst, they will make us ask the wrong questions and leave the right ones unasked.
In this paper, I argue that ‘deontology’ is such a word.
It is defined negatively as non-teleological or non-consequentialist, and therefore does not designate a distinct class of moral theories, let alone a single one.
Moreover, the question whether Kantian ethics is ‘deontological’ is likely to obscure what is distinctive and interesting about it.
The word ‘deontology’ should be banished from the classroom.
It may be best to abandon it altogether.

.......................
I
Usurped Concepts.
In a well-known passage in the Critique of Pure Reason, Kant urges his readers to treat the words we use with suspicion.
His warning does not apply to the employment of empirical concepts, which is comparatively uncontroversial since such concepts can be substantiated by experience.
He is concerned about what he calls 'usurped concepts', concepts seized without warrant, such as 'fortune' and 'fate', which 'run about with almost universal indulgence'.
Occasionally, however, the question arises whether they can be legitimately employed at all.
Then 'there is not a little embarrassment ... as one can cite no distinct legal ground, either from experience or from reason, to manifest the entitlement to their use' (Kant 1781/1787, A 84-5/B 117).
Kant's worry is, of course, that the pure concepts of the understanding fare no better than concepts like fortune or fate.
Using the twelve categories is constitutive of experience.
They cannot be justified experientially.
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