Terri Murray tells the story of how St. Paul hijacked a religion.
Definitions.Islam and fundamentalist Christianity still operate under this pre-Cartesian anthropology, when, for example, they begin from a conventional definition of ‘womanhood’ and then impose this definition on individual women, who are coerced to imitate or participate in this idealised description of their essential nature. Individual women are respected (and safe) only to the degree that they participate in this abstract definition of their nature. A special social status is given to individual women who conform to the definition. Punitive measures are in place for those who do not. Ironically, these socially erected incentives and deterrents actually create the ‘value’ of the definition – a value which its proponents claim exists independently.
Over and again, the above is likely to happen among the moral objectives here who are also intent only on exploring human morality up in the philosophical clouds. You define womanhood and then set about fitting actual complex individuals who happen to be female into the definition. Or into the deductions derived from this and other carefully defined words.
Or, as with Christians themselves, they create a definition based on their own understanding of the Bible.
Here again, however, given all of the many different Christian denominations there are, even among Christians themselves there are going to be different assessments of the Bible.
As for Islam, is it even possible to be more [as some will argue] misogynist?
Though not independent of God. Thus...For Kant, moral truths do not negate the truths of the empirical realm, they simply operate independently of them.
All of this is merely something that he "thought up" philosophically. It was the reality he was able to fit together neatly "in his head".Kant gives the empiricists their due. Nevertheless, he differentiated between the moral world and the world governed by the causal laws of Newtonian mechanics. There is, he claimed, a separate ‘noumenal’ (spiritual) world – the realm of freedom and morality. Kant was a very religious thinker as opposed to Hume. In order to get a moral theory off the ground we are going to have to acknowledge that our nature makes it possible for metaphysical (i.e. non-material) realities to have a real claim on us.
Off the ground indeed.
Again, one more rendition of how mere mortals connect the dots between "down here" and Judgment Day. As for "good will", let's bring that down to Earth.Henceforth we are not going to judge our actions by their consequences, nor by the way they make us feel, but by the intention with which we perform them. This is clear in his famous statement: “It is impossible to conceive anything in the world, or even out of it, which can be taken as good without limitation, save only a good will.”